Abstract: Advances in simulation and scientific machine learning have made computation an engine of discovery. For increasingly complex physical systems, however, computational scale and model expressiveness alone may not suffice for faithful simulation, exploration, and inverse design. General-purpose representations often…

Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT are increasingly determining the course of our everyday lives. They can decide what content we are likely to see on social media. They are already being deployed in high-stakes settings, e.g. as mental health support tools. So what happens when LLMs break? What are the risks…